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       
(Showing Draft Content)

结构化引用公式

SpreadJS支持表中的结构化参考公式。

结构化引用公式使用关键字和表的列名来引用表中的单元格区域。

下图说明了结构化参考的组件。 此公式将总销售额和税额相加。

  • 表名是您提供的有意义的名称,用于引用实际的表数据(不包括标题和总计行)。
  • 列说明符从列标题派生,并括在方括号中。 列说明符引用列数据(不包括列标题和总数,如果有的话)。
  • 特殊项目说明符可用于引用表的特定部分,例如“总计”行。
  • 表格说明符是结构化引用的外部,在表格名称后的方括号内。
  • 结构化引用是从表名开始到表说明符结束的整个字符串。

用户可以使用特殊项目来引用表的各个区域,以便更轻松地在公式中使用。 下表列出了用户可以在结构化引用中使用的特殊项目说明符:

特殊项目 示例 参考 单元格区域
#All =DeptSales[#All] Entire table including column headers, data, and totals A1:E8
#Data =DeptSales[#Data] Data A2:E7
#Headers =DeptSales[#Headers] Header row A1:E1
#Totals =DeptSales[#Totals] Total row. Returns null if none exists A8:E8
#This Row =DeptSales[#This Row] Portion of the columns in the current row A5:E5 (current row is 5)

“ #This Row”项可以缩写为“ @”。 例如,= DeptSales [#This Row]与= DeptSales [@]相同。

“ #Data”项可以与“ #Headers”或“ #Totals”组合使用。 下表列出了示例:

特殊项目 示例 参考 单元格区域
#Headers and #Data =DeptSales[[#Headers], [#Data]] Column headers and data A1:E7
#Data and #Totals =DeptSales[[#Data], [#Totals]] Data and the total row A2:E8

如果未指定特殊项目,则将其视为数据,如下表所示:

特殊项目 示例 参考 单元格区域
None =DeptSales[] or =DeptSales Data A2:E7

列说明符表示对整个数据列的引用,但列标题和总数除外。 下表列出了列说明符:

列说明符 示例 参考 单元格区域
Single column =DeptSales[SaleAmt] "SaleAmt" column in data C2:C7
Column range =DeptSales[[SaleAmt]:[TaxAmt]] Range of column "SaleAmt" to column "TaxAmt" in data C2:E7
None =DeptSales[[#Data]] All columns in data A2:E8

所有表,列和特殊项目说明符都必须放在匹配的括号([])中。 包含其他说明符的说明符需要外部匹配括号来包围其他说明符的内部匹配括号。 如果策略之间存在冲突,则优先级从最高到最低。

以下规则适用于方括号:

  • 如果没有说明符,则可以省略表说明符括号。 例如,“ = DeptSales []”等于“ = DeptSales”。
  • 如果只有一个特殊项目或一个列说明符,则可以省略表说明符括号。 例如,“ = DeptSales [[#Data]]”等于“ = DeptSales [#Data]”,“ = DeptSales [[TaxAmt]]”等于“ = DeptSales [TaxAmt]”。
  • 如果有列说明符或特殊项目的组合,则特殊项目必须放在匹配的括号中。 例如,不允许使用“ = DeptSales [#Data,[TaxAm]]”和“ = DeptSales [#Data,#Totals]”。
  • 如果表的列标题包含以下特殊字符之一,则必须将整个列标题括在方括号中: 空格键, tab键, line break, 回车, 逗号 (,), 冒号 (:), 句号 (.), 左括号 ([) , 右括号 (]), 井号 (#), 单引号 ('), 双引号 ("), 左大括号 ({), 右大括号 (}), 美元符 ($), 尖号 (^), 连字号 (&), 星号 (*), 加号 (+), 等于号 (=), 减号 (-), 大于号(>), 小于号 (<), 和划分 (//). 例如, 如果一个列名是"#column1", 公式 "=Table1[#column1]" 是不允许的, 必须为 "=Table1['#column1]".
  • 如果有列范围说明符,则必须在括号中包含一个列说明符。 例如,不允许使用“ = Table1 [column1:column2]”,它必须是“ = Table1 [[column1]:column2]”或“ = Table1 [column1:[column2]]”或“ = Table1 [[column1]” :[column2]]”。
  • 可以省略'@'特殊括号。 例如,“ = DeptSales [@,TaxAmt]”等于“ = DeptSales [[@],TaxAmt]”。

以下一般规则也适用:

  • 所有表,列和特殊项目说明符都不区分大小写。
  • 以下字符具有特殊含义,需要使用单引号(')作为转义字符:左括号([),右括号(]),井号(#)和单引号(')。 例如,不允许使用“ = Table1 [colu#mn1]”,它必须是“ = Table1 [colu'#mn1]”。
  • 使用逗号(,)分隔组合的特殊项目和列说明符。 例如,“ = DeptSales [[#Data],[#Totals],TaxAmt]”。
  • 特殊项目和列说明符之间的顺序是独立的。 例如,“ = DeptSales [[#Data],[#Totals],TaxAmt]”等于“ = DeptSales [[#Totals],TaxAmt,[#Data]]”。
  • 可以省略'@'特殊项目后面的逗号(,)。 例如,“ = DeptSales [@,TaxAmt]”等于“ = DeptSales [@TaxAmt]”。

您可以使用 setColumnDataFormula setColumnFormula 方法。 您还可以在表格区域之外的公式中引用表格数据。 例如,activeSheet.getCell(7,1).formula(“ SUM(Table1 [SubTotal])”);。 设置的最后一个公式在列公式和单元格公式之间具有优先权。

公式中的列说明符不适用于页眉和页脚中的单元格。

公式中的列说明符不适用于页眉和页脚中的单元格。

示例代码

下面的示例创建一个表格,并使用结构化参考公式创建总计。

activeSheet.tables.add("Table1", 0, 0, 4, 3, GC.Spread.Sheets.Tables.TableThemes.dark1);
activeSheet.getCell(0,0).text("Value1");
activeSheet.getCell(0,1).text("Value2");
activeSheet.getCell(0,2).text("SubTotal");
activeSheet.getCell(1,0).text("1");
activeSheet.getCell(2,0).text("2");
activeSheet.getCell(3,0).text("3");
activeSheet.getCell(1,1).text("5");
activeSheet.getCell(2,1).text("5");
activeSheet.getCell(3,1).text("5");
var sTable = activeSheet.tables.findByName("Table1").setColumnDataFormula(2, "=[Value1]*[Value2]");
sTable.showFooter(true);
//设置页脚值
sTable.setColumnValue(0, "Total");
sTable.setColumnFormula(2, "SUM(Table1[SubTotal])");
activeSheet.getColumn(0).width(80);
activeSheet.getColumn(1).width(80);
activeSheet.getColumn(2).width(80);
//activeSheet.getCell(7,1).formula("SUM(Table1[SubTotal])");