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       
(Showing Draft Content)

公式单元格排序原理解析

问题:如何对公式单元格进行排序?


背景:

由用户发现对一组单元格进行排序的时候,发现没有效果。

查看了用户提供的文件(附件demo.ssjson),发现Sheet2 中B2:B4单元格是跨sheet公式。

尝试对B2:B4单元格设置升序/降序,从结果来看确实没有发生变化,这是怎么回事呢?

image

步骤:

结合附件的示例文件,先理解两个概念:

1、相对引用 和 绝对引用

2、公式调整


下图说明 相对引用 和 绝对引用 的区别。

image

一、

在微软Excel中,

对于不跨sheet的公式(相对引用写法)进行排序时,单元格实际已经做了排序,只是因为"公式调整"原因,表现为结果未发生变化。

验证步骤:

打开1.xlsx,选择B4:B5区域,设置升序/降序(如弹出弹窗,勾选给当前选择区域排序),观察结果。

您会看到,此时排序结果并未发生变化。

但实际上,排序的逻辑已经被执行了,如下步骤测试:

打开1.xslx文件,选择B10:B12区域(B10为公式,B11 B12为值),设置升序,观察结果。

您会看到,此时的排序结果为 1 2 0,与预期的结果并不一致,反而值还改变了。

这是由于 相对引用+公式调整 的原因。

如何理解公式调整?如下步骤测试:

打开1.xslx文件,选择B18单元格,你会看到公式为 "=A18"。ctrl+c 复制,并粘贴到其他单元格如E18,然后ctrl+v粘贴。

你会看到,此时E18的值为2,公式为 "=D18"。

明明是做了复制粘贴操作,为什么E18的公式不是 "=A18",值不是1呢?

这就是因为公式做了自动调整,在相对引用的影响下,公式会根据周围单元格的位置做出调整。

如果公式用了绝对引用,那么公式就不会调整了,筛选结果也就能达到预期了。

验证步骤:

打开1.xslx文件,选择B23:B5,设置降序。你会看到,此时筛选结果符合预期了。

(更多 绝对引用 相对引用的概念,您可以网上搜索 Excel绝对引用相对引用 学习了解)

二、

在Excel中,

对于跨sheet 相对引用 公式,Excel在筛选结果上,表现的像绝对引用了。即不会做公式调整,筛选结果符合预期。(也即是您帖中提供的ssjson文件使用场景)

但这样的设计其实是有问题的,举个例子来说明下。

打开附件的2.xlsx, 选择B4:B6区域,设置降序,观察排序结果。

你会看到,排序结果不仅不是 9 7 5,反而是 7 7 7这种看似毫无逻辑的值。

原因就是 不跨sheet的部分进行了公式调整,跨sheet部分没有做公式调整,二者一块用就出现这个问题了。

三、

SpreadJS不清楚微软Excel为什么这样设计,如果混合使用时容易出现难以判断的错误,它认为Excel的这种设计不合理。

所以 对于跨sheet 和 不跨sheet 两种场景下统一使用了相对引用方案,即表现为您问题中结果 - 筛选后结果并未变动。

对于解决方案:

将文件中公式相对引用修改为绝对引用即可,如下图。

image


文章中所用附件请参考该链接

作者: Lynn.Dou | 审核:Ellia.Duan | 更新时间:2023.12.10