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       
(Showing Draft Content)

异步函数并发问题解决方案

问题:如何解决异步函数并发问题?


背景:

SpreadJS提供了异步函数的功能,可以让函数通过调用API异步获取数据。但是当页面上使用的异步函数较多,刷新计算时会同时发生大量的网络请求,不仅给服务器造成压力,也会由于异步函数的同时更新造成页面的频繁刷新,影响用户体验。

解决方案:

为了解决这个问题,我们可以采用请求堆栈的方式,收集函数请求,统一发送网络请求并一次更新。

具体更新时机机制可以根据我们业务需求决定,下面以定时请求为例说明具体实现:

当第一个请求发生1秒后,发起一次网络请求。1秒内有其他请求进入就收集进堆栈,后续请求放入下一个堆栈,以此类推。

下面代码是一个普通异步函数GETNUMBERFROMSERVER的实现,调用getData接口(模拟接口直接返回arg1数据,未做其他处理),传递参数,获取显示内容并展示在单元格。

var GetNumberFromServer = function () {};
GetNumberFromServer.prototype =
  new GC.Spread.CalcEngine.Functions.AsyncFunction("GETNUMBERFROMSERVER", 1, 2);
GetNumberFromServer.prototype.evaluate = function (context, arg1, arg2) {
  fetch("/spread/getData?data=" + arg1)
    .then(function (response) {
      return response.text();
    })
    .then(function (text) {
      context.setAsyncResult(text);
    });
};
GC.Spread.CalcEngine.Functions.defineGlobalCustomFunction(
  "GETNUMBERFROMSERVER",
  new GetNumberFromServer()
);

为了减少请求,我们使用一个缓存对象存放请求数据,定时调用接口处理。

let callStack = {}; //收集请求数据
let callingStack = {}; //缓存正在请求中的数据信息
let callStackCount = 0; //请求数量,当作请求ID,用于区分请求内容
let timingId = 0; //用于判断当前是否有定时器等待请求中

定义请求方法,代替再函数中直接调用API接口。

// data 请求数据
// context 异步函数context, 网络请求结束后回调时使用
// callback 回调函数
function stackCall(data, context, callback) {
  let id = callStackCount++;
  callStack[id] = {};
  callStack[id].data = data;
  callStack[id].context = context;
  callStack[id].callback = callback;

  if (timingId === 0) {
    // 同时只有一个定时器
    timingId = setTimeout(function () {
      callingStack = callStack;
      callStack = {};

      let newData = ""; //合并请求数据,根据实际业务情况整理
      for (let cId in callingStack) {
        newData += cId + "," + callingStack[cId].data + ";";
      } // 发送请求,这里模拟数据,发送什么返回什么

      fetch("/spread/getData?data=" + newData)
        .then(function (response) {
          return response.text();
        })
        .then(function (text) {
          let resData = newData.split(";");
          let spread = designer.getWorkbook();
          spread.suspendPaint(); //暂定页面绘制 //解析返回的数据

          for (let resId in resData) {
            if (resData[resId]) {
              let ress = resData[resId].split(","); // 根据Id,获取函数的context,调用callback回调
              callingStack[ress[0]].callback.call(
                null,
                callingStack[ress[0]].context,
                ress[1]
              );
            }
          }
          spread.resumePaint(); //重启统一绘制
          timingId = 0;
        });
    }, 1000);
  }
}

更新异步函数实现方式,函数中调用stackCall堆栈函数,批量调用成功后执行callback回调中的setAsyncResult方法。

GetNumberFromServer.prototype.evaluate = function (context, arg1, arg2) {
  stackCall(arg1, context, function (context, text) {
    context.setAsyncResult(text);
  });
};

通过以上实现,当页面有大量异步请求时会统一处理,一次刷新。

另外还可以使用doNotRecalculateAfterLoad导入选项,在首次加载时不计算,使用json中原始值,以及calcOnDemand开启按需计算。

这两个option可以根据您的实际需求设置。

json.calcOnDemand = true;
spread.fromJSON(json, { doNotRecalculateAfterLoad: true });

作者: Dexter.Yao | 审核:Lynn.Dou | 更新时间:2023.12.3